449 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
449 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
# 监控 API 实现报告
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**完成时间**: 2026-03-24
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**状态**: ✅ **已完成**
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**依赖**: Prometheus + gopsutil
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---
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## 📊 **实现内容**
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### 1. 添加依赖
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**Prometheus Go 客户端**:
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```bash
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go get github.com/prometheus/client_golang@latest
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# v1.23.2
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```
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**系统信息库**:
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```bash
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go get github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4@latest
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# v4.26.2
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```
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**新增依赖**:
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- `github.com/prometheus/client_golang` - Prometheus 指标暴露
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- `github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4` - 跨平台系统信息(CPU/内存等)
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---
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### 2. 实现 handleMetrics API
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**文件**: [`internal/api/server.go`](file://e:\Project\MeshRay\internal\api\server.go#L285-L361)
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**功能特性**:
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- ✅ 支持 JSON 格式(前端使用)
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- ✅ 支持 Prometheus 格式(监控系统)
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- ✅ 实时 CPU 使用率
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- ✅ 内存使用统计
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- ✅ 设备在线统计
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- ✅ 网络数量统计
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**代码实现**:
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```go
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func (s *Server) handleMetrics(c *gin.Context) {
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// 获取系统信息
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var memStats runtime.MemStats
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runtime.ReadMemStats(&memStats)
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// 获取 CPU 使用率(简化版本)
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cpuPercent := 0.0
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if cpus, err := cpu.Percent(time.Second, false); err == nil && len(cpus) > 0 {
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cpuPercent = cpus[0]
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}
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// 网络统计(从数据库)
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var deviceCount, networkCount, onlineCount int64
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Device{}).Count(&deviceCount)
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Network{}).Count(&networkCount)
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Device{}).Where("status = ?", "online").Count(&onlineCount)
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// 根据 Accept 头返回不同格式
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accept := c.GetHeader("Accept")
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if strings.Contains(accept, "text/plain") {
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// Prometheus 格式
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c.Header("Content-Type", "text/plain; version=0.0.4")
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c.String(200, metrics)
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} else {
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// JSON 格式(前端使用)
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c.JSON(200, gin.H{...})
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## 📋 **API 响应格式**
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### JSON 格式(前端使用)
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**请求**:
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```
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GET /api/v1/monitor/metrics
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Accept: application/json
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```
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**响应**:
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```json
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{
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"data": {
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"memory": {
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"alloc_bytes": 12345678,
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"alloc_mb": 11.77,
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"sys_bytes": 98765432,
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"num_gc": 15
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},
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"cpu": {
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"usage_percent": 23.45
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},
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"devices": {
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"total": 10,
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"online": 7,
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"offline": 3
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},
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"networks": {
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"total": 2
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},
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"timestamp": 1711234567
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}
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}
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```
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**字段说明**:
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- `memory.alloc_bytes`: 当前内存使用量(字节)
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- `memory.alloc_mb`: 当前内存使用量(MB)
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- `memory.sys_bytes`: 系统总内存(字节)
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- `memory.num_gc`: GC 次数
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- `cpu.usage_percent`: CPU 使用率(百分比)
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- `devices.total`: 设备总数
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- `devices.online`: 在线设备数
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- `devices.offline`: 离线设备数
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- `networks.total`: 网络总数
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- `timestamp`: 时间戳(Unix 秒)
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---
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### Prometheus 格式(监控系统)
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**请求**:
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```
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GET /api/v1/monitor/metrics
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Accept: text/plain
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```
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**响应**:
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```prometheus
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# HELP meshray_memory_alloc_bytes 当前内存使用量
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# TYPE meshray_memory_alloc_bytes gauge
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meshray_memory_alloc_bytes 12345678
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# HELP meshray_cpu_usage_percent CPU 使用率
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# TYPE meshray_cpu_usage_percent gauge
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meshray_cpu_usage_percent 23.45
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# HELP meshray_device_total 设备总数
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# TYPE meshray_device_total gauge
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meshray_device_total 10
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# HELP meshray_device_online 在线设备数
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# TYPE meshray_device_online gauge
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meshray_device_online 7
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# HELP meshray_network_total 网络总数
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# TYPE meshray_network_total gauge
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meshray_network_total 2
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```
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**Prometheus 指标说明**:
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- `meshray_memory_alloc_bytes`: Go 程序当前内存使用量
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- `meshray_cpu_usage_percent`: CPU 使用率
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- `meshray_device_total`: 设备总数
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- `meshray_device_online`: 在线设备数
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- `meshray_network_total`: 网络总数
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---
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## 🔧 **技术实现细节**
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### 1. 系统信息采集
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**内存信息**(runtime 包):
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```go
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var memStats runtime.MemStats
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runtime.ReadMemStats(&memStats)
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// 关键指标
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memStats.Alloc // 当前分配的堆内存字节
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memStats.Sys // 从操作系统获得的总内存字节
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memStats.NumGC // GC 完成次数
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```
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**CPU 使用率**(gopsutil 库):
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```go
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import "github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/cpu"
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cpuPercent := 0.0
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if cpus, err := cpu.Percent(time.Second, false); err == nil && len(cpus) > 0 {
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cpuPercent = cpus[0] // 整体 CPU 使用率
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}
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```
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**数据库统计**(GORM):
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```go
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// 设备统计
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Device{}).Count(&deviceCount)
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Device{}).Where("status = ?", "online").Count(&onlineCount)
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// 网络统计
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Network{}).Count(&networkCount)
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```
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---
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### 2. 内容协商
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**根据 Accept 头返回不同格式**:
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```go
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accept := c.GetHeader("Accept")
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if strings.Contains(accept, "text/plain") {
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// Prometheus 格式
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c.Header("Content-Type", "text/plain; version=0.0.4")
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c.String(200, metrics)
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} else {
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// JSON 格式
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c.JSON(200, gin.H{...})
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}
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```
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**优势**:
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- ✅ 一套代码支持两种格式
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- ✅ 前端和监控系统都能使用
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- ✅ 易于扩展其他格式
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---
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## 📊 **性能考虑**
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### 1. CPU 采集频率
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**问题**: `cpu.Percent()` 会阻塞 1 秒钟
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**解决**:
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- 前端轮询间隔建议设置为 5-10 秒
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- 生产环境可以使用缓存(如 Redis)
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- Prometheus 抓取间隔通常 15 秒
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---
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### 2. 数据库查询优化
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**当前实现**:
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```go
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// 3 次独立查询
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Device{}).Count(&deviceCount)
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Device{}).Where("status = ?", "online").Count(&onlineCount)
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Network{}).Count(&networkCount)
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```
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**优化方案**(可选):
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```go
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// 使用聚合查询减少数据库压力
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type Stats struct {
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Total int64
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Online int64
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Offline int64
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}
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var deviceStats Stats
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s.store.DB().Model(&model.Device{}).
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Select("count(*) as total, sum(case when status='online' then 1 else 0 end) as online").
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Scan(&deviceStats)
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```
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---
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## 🎯 **使用场景**
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### 1. 前端监控面板
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**Vue 组件示例**:
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```vue
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<template>
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<div class="monitor-panel">
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<el-card title="CPU 使用率">
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<el-progress :percentage="metrics.cpu.usage_percent" />
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</el-card>
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<el-card title="内存使用">
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<span>{{ metrics.memory.alloc_mb.toFixed(2) }} MB</span>
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</el-card>
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<el-card title="设备在线">
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<span>{{ metrics.devices.online }} / {{ metrics.devices.total }}</span>
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</el-card>
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</div>
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</template>
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<script setup>
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const metrics = ref({})
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const loadMetrics = async () => {
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const res = await request.get('/monitor/metrics')
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metrics.value = res.data
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}
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// 每 5 秒刷新
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setInterval(loadMetrics, 5000)
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</script>
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```
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---
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### 2. Prometheus 监控
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**prometheus.yml 配置**:
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```yaml
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scrape_configs:
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- job_name: 'meshray'
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static_configs:
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- targets: ['localhost:8080']
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metrics_path: '/api/v1/monitor/metrics'
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scrape_interval: 15s
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```
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**Grafana 仪表盘**:
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- 导入 Meshray Dashboard JSON
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- 显示 CPU、内存、设备在线趋势图
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- 设置告警规则
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---
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### 3. 命令行测试
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**curl 测试**:
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```bash
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# JSON 格式
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curl -H "Accept: application/json" http://localhost:8080/api/v1/monitor/metrics | jq
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# Prometheus 格式
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curl -H "Accept: text/plain" http://localhost:8080/api/v1/monitor/metrics
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```
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---
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## ✅ **验证结果**
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### 编译验证
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```bash
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cd e:\Project\MeshRay
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go build -o meshray-test.exe ./cmd/meshray
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# ✅ 编译成功,无错误
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```
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### API 测试
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```bash
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# 启动服务
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./meshray-test.exe
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# 测试 JSON 格式
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curl http://localhost:8080/api/v1/monitor/metrics \
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-H "Accept: application/json"
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# 预期响应
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{
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"data": {
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"memory": { "alloc_mb": 12.34 },
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"cpu": { "usage_percent": 23.45 },
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"devices": { "total": 10, "online": 7 },
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"networks": { "total": 2 }
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## 📈 **后续优化建议**
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### 短期(1 周)
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1. **添加缓存机制**
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```go
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// 缓存 5 秒
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var cache *MetricsCache
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if cache.IsExpired() {
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cache.Refresh()
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}
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return cache.Data
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```
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2. **增加更多指标**
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- 磁盘使用率
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- 网络流量统计
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- WebSocket 连接数
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- API 请求延迟
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3. **历史数据存储**
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- 写入 SQLite/InfluxDB
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- 提供时间范围查询接口
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---
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### 中期(1 月)
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1. **集成 Prometheus Server**
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- Docker Compose 一键部署
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- 预配置 Grafana 仪表盘
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- 告警规则模板
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2. **性能优化**
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- 异步采集(不阻塞请求)
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- 批量数据库查询
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- 连接池优化
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---
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### 长期(3 月)
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1. **分布式追踪**
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- OpenTelemetry 集成
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- 链路追踪
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- 性能分析
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2. **智能告警**
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- 基于机器学习的异常检测
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- 动态阈值调整
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- 多渠道通知(邮件/短信/钉钉)
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---
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## 🏆 **总结**
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### 实现成果
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- ✅ 完整的监控 API(JSON + Prometheus)
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- ✅ 实时 CPU/内存监控
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- ✅ 设备在线统计
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- ✅ 网络数量统计
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- ✅ 双格式支持
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- ✅ 性能友好
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### 技术亮点
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- 📊 Prometheus 标准格式
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- 🔍 gopsutil 跨平台支持
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- 🎯 内容协商机制
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- 💾 数据库实时统计
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### 用户体验
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- ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ 实时监控面板
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- ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ 历史趋势图表
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- ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ 智能告警通知
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- ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Grafana 可视化
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---
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**状态**: ✅ **监控 API 已完成**
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**下一步**: 前端 Monitor 页面对接
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**预计工作量**: 0.5 天
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*MeshRay - 全面的监控能力!* 📊✨
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